Read the passage and answer. Every year the monsoon brings life-giving rain to Pakistan, but in 2022 it brought catastrophe. Unusually heavy rainfall, combined with melting glaciers, submerged about a third of the country, destroyed homes and crops, and displaced millions. Pakistan contributes less than one per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions, yet it is among the countries most vulnerable to climate change. Many argue, therefore, that wealthy industrialised nations bear a moral responsibility to help countries like Pakistan adapt to a crisis they did little to create. The passage implies that the 2022 floods were:

1. caused only by poor drainage
2. limited to one city
3. predicted exactly in advance
4. partly a result of climate change

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