MCQs / Computer Science / Unit 5: Application of Computer Science

Unit 5: Application of Computer Science MCQs — Computer Science

30 multiple-choice questions on Unit 5: Application of Computer Science from Computer Science, each with the correct answer and, where available, a teacher's explanation. Read through them to revise the chapter, then practise the same questions one by one to test yourself.

1. Which technologies enable blockchains?

  1. Fax machines
  2. Turtle graphics and pie charts
  3. Printers and scanners
  4. Network connectivity, processing power and cryptography

Answer: D) Network connectivity, processing power and cryptography

Explanation: Peers communicate over a network, compute consensus and secure blocks with cryptography. SLO CS-11-E-01 · Understanding

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2. A bank's AI loan system: the bank wants fewer defaults, applicants want fair treatment, regulators want transparency. This shows that:

  1. Only programmers decide what is fair
  2. Accuracy is the only thing that matters
  3. Stakeholders can have conflicting interests that shape AI design
  4. AI systems have no stakeholders

Answer: C) Stakeholders can have conflicting interests that shape AI design

Explanation: Good AI design balances the values and interests of all stakeholders. SLO CS-11-E-02 · Understanding

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3. A blockchain is best described as:

  1. A central database owned by one bank
  2. A type of computer virus
  3. A wireless sensor
  4. A distributed ledger where each block is linked to the previous one by a cryptographic hash

Answer: D) A distributed ledger where each block is linked to the previous one by a cryptographic hash

Explanation: Changing one block changes its hash and breaks the chain, so records are tamper-evident. SLO CS-11-E-01 · Knowledge

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4. Which AI subfield enables machines to understand and interpret human language?

  1. Computer Vision
  2. Natural Language Processing
  3. Robotics
  4. Spreadsheet design

Answer: B) Natural Language Processing

Explanation: NLP powers chatbots, translation and voice assistants. SLO CS-11-E-02 · Knowledge

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5. The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to:

  1. Only robots in factories
  2. Social media applications
  3. A faster version of the World Wide Web
  4. Everyday devices with sensors and connectivity that collect and exchange data

Answer: D) Everyday devices with sensors and connectivity that collect and exchange data

Explanation: Smart meters, fitness bands and smart homes are IoT examples. SLO CS-11-E-01 · Knowledge

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6. Which advances made IoT practical?

  1. Faster typewriters
  2. Smaller, cheaper processors, longer battery life, wireless connectivity and cloud computing
  3. Larger desktop monitors
  4. Printed manuals

Answer: B) Smaller, cheaper processors, longer battery life, wireless connectivity and cloud computing

Explanation: These technologies let tiny connected devices run for long periods and send data to the cloud. SLO CS-11-E-01 · Understanding

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7. Which policy best protects people affected by AI decisions?

  1. Removing all human review
  2. Requiring explanations and a way to appeal automated decisions
  3. Hiding how the AI works
  4. Collecting as much personal data as possible

Answer: B) Requiring explanations and a way to appeal automated decisions

Explanation: Transparency and human oversight protect stakeholders' interests. SLO CS-11-E-02 · Understanding

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8. A network of spatially distributed sensors that monitor conditions such as temperature and send data wirelessly is called a:

  1. Wireless sensor network (WSN)
  2. Blockchain
  3. Local area network of PCs
  4. Virtual private network

Answer: A) Wireless sensor network (WSN)

Explanation: WSNs are used in agriculture, weather and pollution monitoring. SLO CS-11-E-01 · Knowledge

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9. A face-recognition system trained mostly on one group of people works poorly for others. The main cause is:

  1. Bias in the training data
  2. Using Python
  3. A slow internet connection
  4. Too much RAM

Answer: A) Bias in the training data

Explanation: AI learns patterns from its data; unrepresentative data produces biased results. SLO CS-11-E-02 · Understanding

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10. Using Gmail or Google Docs through a browser is an example of which cloud service model?

  1. SaaS (Software as a Service)
  2. PaaS
  3. On-premises software
  4. IaaS

Answer: A) SaaS (Software as a Service)

Explanation: SaaS provides ready-to-use applications; PaaS provides a platform to build apps; IaaS provides virtual machines and storage. SLO CS-11-E-01 · Understanding

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11. A device that acts on the environment, such as a motor or smart switch, is a(n):

  1. actuator
  2. hash
  3. router
  4. sensor

Answer: A) actuator

Explanation: Sensors measure; actuators act. SLO CS-11-E-01

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12. Which set of technologies enabled blockchains?

  1. Turtle graphics, pip and matplotlib
  2. Network connectivity, processing power and cryptography
  3. Printers and scanners
  4. Bluetooth only

Answer: B) Network connectivity, processing power and cryptography

Explanation: Peer-to-peer networks, computing power and hash/key cryptography make blockchains possible. SLO CS-11-E-01

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13. A person or group affected by an AI system is called a:

  1. node
  2. debugger
  3. stakeholder
  4. shareholder only

Answer: C) stakeholder

Explanation: Stakeholders include users, developers, companies, regulators and affected people. SLO CS-11-E-02

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14. Why is data in a blockchain hard to tamper with?

  1. it is stored on one secret computer
  2. it is written in Python
  3. it is printed on paper
  4. changing a block changes its hash and breaks the links to later blocks across many copies

Answer: D) changing a block changes its hash and breaks the links to later blocks across many copies

Explanation: Hash links plus distributed copies make tampering detectable. SLO CS-11-E-01

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15. Each block in a blockchain stores the hash of the:

  1. first user
  2. previous block
  3. next block
  4. whole Internet

Answer: B) previous block

Explanation: The previous-block hash links blocks into a chain. SLO CS-11-E-01

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16. Paying only for the cloud resources you use is called:

  1. elasticity
  2. token passing
  3. mining
  4. pay-as-you-go (measured service)

Answer: D) pay-as-you-go (measured service)

Explanation: Cloud is billed according to usage. SLO CS-11-E-01

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17. Which stakeholder is mainly interested in profit and market share?

  1. regulators
  2. data subjects
  3. company owners and investors
  4. pedestrians

Answer: C) company owners and investors

Explanation: Businesses seek profit; others focus on fairness, safety or privacy. SLO CS-11-E-02

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18. Gmail and Google Docs are examples of:

  1. IaaS
  2. SaaS
  3. private cloud only
  4. PaaS

Answer: B) SaaS

Explanation: Complete applications used through a browser are Software as a Service. SLO CS-11-E-01

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19. Testing an AI model's accuracy separately for different genders, regions and languages before release is:

  1. smoothing
  2. fairness testing
  3. load testing
  4. black-box only

Answer: B) fairness testing

Explanation: Fairness testing checks that no group is treated worse. SLO CS-11-E-02

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20. Telling people why an AI system made a decision is:

  1. explainability (transparency)
  2. abstraction
  3. bias
  4. authorization

Answer: A) explainability (transparency)

Explanation: Explainability lets stakeholders understand and challenge decisions. SLO CS-11-E-02

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21. An AI loan model trained on past decisions that favoured men rejects more women. This is:

  1. cloud computing
  2. encryption
  3. smoothing
  4. algorithmic bias

Answer: D) algorithmic bias

Explanation: Biased training data led to unfair outcomes – algorithmic bias. SLO CS-11-E-02

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22. Which advancement made it possible for IoT sensors to run for years on small batteries?

  1. low-power electronics and longer battery life
  2. more keyboard keys
  3. faster printers
  4. larger monitors

Answer: A) low-power electronics and longer battery life

Explanation: Low-power chips and better batteries enabled long-life IoT devices. SLO CS-11-E-01

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23. Allowing a human to review and overturn important AI decisions is called:

  1. extrapolation
  2. clustering
  3. phishing
  4. human oversight

Answer: D) human oversight

Explanation: Human oversight protects people from harmful automated decisions. SLO CS-11-E-02

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24. A cloud used by only one organisation is a:

  1. community cloud
  2. hybrid cloud
  3. public cloud
  4. private cloud

Answer: D) private cloud

Explanation: Private clouds are dedicated to a single organisation. SLO CS-11-E-01

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25. A hospital keeps patient records in its own data centre but runs its public website on AWS. This is a:

  1. community cloud
  2. hybrid cloud
  3. public cloud
  4. private cloud

Answer: B) hybrid cloud

Explanation: A mix of private and public cloud is hybrid. SLO CS-11-E-01

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