MCQs / Quantitative Reasoning / Percentages, Ratios & Averages

Percentages, Ratios & Averages MCQs — Quantitative Reasoning (page 2)

35 multiple-choice questions on Percentages, Ratios & Averages from Quantitative Reasoning, each with the correct answer and, where available, a teacher's explanation. Read through them to revise the chapter, then practise the same questions one by one to test yourself.

26. A price changes from Rs 50 to Rs 65. What is the percentage change?

  1. 30% decrease
  2. 23.1% increase
  3. 35% increase
  4. 30% increase

Answer: D) 30% increase

Explanation: Change = 15; dfrac1550 100 = 30% increase. Always divide by the original value.

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27. The average of 10 numbers is 40. When one more number is added, the average becomes 42. What number was added?

  1. 64
  2. 62
  3. 72
  4. 60

Answer: B) 62

Explanation: Old total = 10 40 = 400; new total = 11 42 = 462; added number = 62.

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28. What is 125% of 64?

  1. 75
  2. 80
  3. 76
  4. 74

Answer: B) 80

Explanation: 125% 64 = dfrac125100 64 = 80.

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29. What is 12.5% of 640?

  1. 85
  2. 70
  3. 80
  4. 88

Answer: C) 80

Explanation: 12.5% 640 = dfrac12.5100 640 = 80.

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30. What is 40% of 85?

  1. 28
  2. 29
  3. 32
  4. 34

Answer: D) 34

Explanation: 40% 85 = dfrac40100 85 = 34.

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31. An article bought for Rs 400 is sold for Rs 500. Find the profit percentage.

  1. 40%
  2. 25%
  3. 30%
  4. 20%

Answer: B) 25%

Explanation: Profit = 100; dfrac100400 100 = 25% (always on cost price).

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32. What is 8% of 450?

  1. 36
  2. 34
  3. 44
  4. 42

Answer: A) 36

Explanation: 8% 450 = dfrac8100 450 = 36.

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33. Two successive discounts of 20% and 10% equal a single discount of:

  1. 32%
  2. 28%
  3. 30%
  4. 25%

Answer: B) 28%

Explanation: Price after both: 100 0.8 0.9 = 72, so the total discount is 28% — less than 30%.

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34. A price changes from Rs 250 to Rs 200. What is the percentage change?

  1. 25% decrease
  2. 20% increase
  3. 30% decrease
  4. 20% decrease

Answer: D) 20% decrease

Explanation: Change = -50; dfrac50250 100 = 20% decrease. Always divide by the original value.

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35. Find the average of 102, 98, 110, 90.

  1. 99
  2. 100
  3. 102
  4. 96

Answer: B) 100

Explanation: Sum = 400, count = 4, average = 400 div 4 = 100.

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